Alternative Fuels In Cement Manufacturing Intechopen
Use Of Coal In Cement Production
Alternative Fuels In Cement Manufacturing Intechopen Nov 18 2010 In countries like Japan USA Denmark Netherlands Switzerland and Belgium sewage sludge is used in cement production In cement production sludge is usually co fired with coal in predried form Predried sludge is easier to store transport and feed Werther Ogada 1997
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The use of alternative fuels in cement manufacturing therefore do not only afford considerable energy cost reduction but they also have significant ecological benefits of conserving non renewable resources the 1 Alternative fuels here refer to fuels that can be used instead of conventional fuels such as coal oil and natural gas
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Impact of alternative fuels on the cement manufacturing plant performance an overview Azad Rahman M G Rasul M M K Khan S Sharma Central Queensland University School of Engineering and Built Environment Rockhampton Queensland 4702 Australia Abstract Cement manufacturing is a high energy consuming and heavy polluting process
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2 reduction by alternative fuels AF in 2010 Alternative fuels 53 7 Mio GJ 2 91 Mio t CO 2 Emissions 3 03 Mio t biogenic 1 73 Mio t Source VDZ German Cement Industry Substitution hard coal 53 7 Mio GJ 2 34 Mio t CO 2 Emission 5 18 Mio t CO 2 reduction 2 15 Mio t 0 74 tCO 2/tAF The co processing of alternative fuels in Germany
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The use of alternative fuels and raw materials in cement manufacturing can reduce the amount of conventional fuels and raw materials needed and thus reduce the overall environmental impact of the operations These alternative materials can be either waste or by products from other processes While there are
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using alternative fuels in cement manufacturing could improve the environmental and the economic performance of the industry The practice has yet to find broad acceptance by Canadian regulators and stakeholders even though Canadian cement plants have used alternative fuels since the 1970s A review of the relevant literature shows that there is a
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Cement is the largest man made material in the world With the global population set to hit 8 billion soon the demand for cement is about to skyrocket to unprecedented levels However cement manufacturing is linked inexorably to the ongoing phenomenon of climate change Greenhouse gases like CO2 trap the sun s heat and cause the average temperature to increase in the world
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The exact consumption of energy in the production of cement varies from one technological approach to another The major fuel used in clinker production is coal and petroleum coke but alternate energy source like biomass waste heat fuel oil solvent
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2 days ago In financial year 2020 UltraTech replaced 17 2 of its raw material requirement for cement manufacturing and 3 7 of its thermal energy needs with alternative resources the release said
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The use of waste as alternative fuels in the cement industry has numerous environmental benefits such as The use of waste as alternative fuels reduces the use of non renewable fossil fuels such as coal as well as the environmental impacts associated with coal mining
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Main alternative fuels used in the cement industry Well established technology on the one hand allows the rotary kiln of any cement plant to be fired with low volatile fuels such as petcoke low volatile bituminous coal and anthracite
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blending with mineral substitutes and using lower carbon alternative fuels to fire the kiln Canada s cement industry has made progress over past two decades in each of these areas Energy intensity improved by 21 between 1990 and 2010 There have also been improvements in the clinker to cement ratio and the use of alternative fuels is growing
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The cement manufacturing industry is under increasing pressure from the environmental protection agencies to reduce the emissions The usage of alternative fuels in cement manufacturing not only helps to reduce the emission but also has significant ecological benefits of conserving non renewable resources The substitution rate of fossil fuel by alternative fuels varies from country to
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Cement manufacturing is a high energy consuming and heavy polluting process To reduce the energy and environmental costs cement producers are currently using a blend of alternative fuels with conventional fossil fuels
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Portland cement manufacturing involves the combustion of solid fuels along with raw materials to produce clinker Temperatures exceeding 1 400°C are needed to carry out reactions for cement chemistry Energy needs for a typical manufacturing plant are 12 000 MMBTU/day
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2 reduction by alternative fuels AF in 2010 Alternative fuels 53 7 Mio GJ 2 91 Mio t CO 2 Emissions 3 03 Mio t biogenic 1 73 Mio t Source VDZ German Cement Industry Substitution hard coal 53 7 Mio GJ 2 34 Mio t CO 2 Emission 5 18 Mio t CO 2 reduction 2 15 Mio t 0 74 tCO 2/tAF The co processing of alternative fuels in Germany
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alternative fuels today substitutes approximately 2 5 million tonnes of coal every year The use of waste as alternative fuels in the cement industry has numerous environmental benefits such as The use of waste as alternative fuels reduces the use of non renewable fossil fuels such as coal as well as the environmental impacts associated
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Increasing the Use of Alternative Fuels at Cement Plants International Best Practice vii This report was produced in cooperation between IFC SNIC Sindicato Nacional da Indústria do Cimento and ABCP Associação Brasileira de Cimento Portland
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The use of alternative fuels in cement manufacturing therefore do not only afford considerable energy cost reduction but they also have significant ecological benefits of conserving non renewable resources the 1 Alternative fuels here refer to fuels that can be used instead of conventional fuels such as coal oil and natural gas
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of alternative fuels is assessed in China along with the opportunities and technical challenges associated with using alternative fuels in China s cement manufacturing sector I Introduction Cement manufacturing is an energy intensive process due to the high temperatures required in the kilns for clinkerization
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Cement is the largest man made material in the world With the global population set to hit 8 billion soon the demand for cement is about to skyrocket to unprecedented levels However cement manufacturing is linked inexorably to the ongoing phenomenon of climate change Greenhouse gases like CO2 trap the sun s heat and cause the average temperature to increase in the world
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18 4 2 Alternative Fuels Utilization NCB has vast experience of analytical studies trial runs and system design for Alternative Fuels AFs utilization NCB has carried out various studies which covers the impact assessment of AFs on overall process Recently number of studies have been carried out for cement plants
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Energy costs and environmental standards encouraged cement manufacturers world wide to evaluate to what extent conventional fuels can be replaced by alternative fuels i e processed waste materials Clinker burning is well suited for various alternative fuels In order select a suitable alternative fuel a commercial modelling tool ASPEN PLUS is used to model the four stage pre heater
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In Europe the cement industry has replaced a large part of its traditional fuel sources with biomass or waste From a technical point of view much higher substitution rates are possible with some plants using up to 80 alternative fuels 1 Apart from direct effects of replacing carbon intensive fossil fuels with lower carbon intensity of alternative fuels there can also be indirect benefits
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The cement industry has a long history of safe and efficient use of alternative fuels ranging from used tires and biomass to a wide variety of secondary and waste materials Cement kilns heat limestone and other raw materials to over 2 700 degrees Fahrenheit during the cement manufacturing process The high operating temperature and long
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Alternative Fuels in Cement Manufacturing 267 consequence Their use in cement kilns replaces fossil fuels and maximises the recovery of energy Employing alternative fuels in cement plants is an important element of a sound waste management policy This practice promotes a vigorous and thriving materials
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tion of 266Mt cement Alternative fuels con stituted 18 of this across Europe saving about 5Mt of coal In terms of using waste as an alternative fuel in the cement industry there are two char acteristics of particular importance burning conditions high temperature with a long res idence time and oxidising atmosphere and
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tion of 266Mt cement Alternative fuels con stituted 18 of this across Europe saving about 5Mt of coal In terms of using waste as an alternative fuel in the cement industry there are two char acteristics of particular importance burning conditions high temperature with a long res idence time and oxidising atmosphere and
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Materials like waste oils plastics waste tires and sewage sludge are often proposed as alternative fuels for the cement industry Meat and bone meal are also considered now as alternative fuel 5 Biomass waste and spent pot linings produced in aluminum smelters 6 are recently identified as potential alternative fuels for cement industry
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Cement manufacturing is an energy intensive process due to the high temperatures required in the kilns for clinkerization The use of alternative fuels to replace conventional fuels in particular coal is a widespread practice and can contribute to improving the global warming impact and total environmental footprint of the cement industry
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Alternative Energy Sources in Cement Manufacturing 6 increasingly being substituted with alternative typically residue based sources e g sorted municipal solid waste tires and waste wood
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Alternative fuels have become a pressing issue for cement manufacturers particularly in Europe as governments and local authorities place increasing emphasis on green policies and decarbonization But in the race to zero emissions there are many challenges
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Alternative Fuels in Cement ManufacturingInTechKnow More Alternative Fuels in Cement Manufacturing 265 Cement production is an energy intensive process consuming thermal energy of the order of 33 GJ/tonne of clinker
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Co processing in cement manufacturing refers to the use of alternative fuels in both combustion and production processes In terms of combustion we re talking about substituting primary fuels such as coal petroleum and gas with waste This typically consists of combustible municipal waste or refuse derived fuels RDF biomass and non
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Energy costs and environmental standards encouraged cement manufacturers world wide to evaluate to what extent conventional fuels can be replaced by alternative fuels i e processed waste materials Clinker burning is well suited for various alternative fuels In order select a suitable alternative fuel a commercial modelling tool ASPEN PLUS is used to model the four stage pre heater
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8 8 Alternative fuels have been used by cement manufacturers in many countries for several years As per the latest figures available percentage of replacement of oil and coal by alternative fuels is given in Table IV In conclusion the author is happy to note that the use of alternative fuels is on the rise in the Indian Cement Industry
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